Innovation and the Nobel Prize are closely linked. When looking at Nobel laureates per capita in the top 10 countries, Sweden and Switzerland stand out. Both share neutral policies and a strong spirit of collaboration. For example, 2 of Terran's co-founders met in Switzerland during exchange studies and later founded Terran.

This plot focuses on basic science; next, we'll examine industrial science.

To compare countries' industrial innovation, we present the "Innovation Index" alongside the log GDP index. Countries like Singapore, Finland, and China excel in industrial innovation despite modest achievements in basic science. Morocco mirrors China's growth trajectory in Northern Africa. Sweden and Switzerland stand out for successfully translating basic science into industry.

We'll use Sweden as a case study, highlighting support across all stages from research to product development.